Web Designing & Publishing

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Thursday, January 26, 2006

The Top 10 Biggest Web Design Mistakes

In the world of web design, there are plenty of mistakes you can make, and in this article, I'm going to look at what I believe to be the top 10 biggest. You need to check your site for these mistakes right now, and fix them if they're there – otherwise you're going to be annoying your visitors and driving them away from your site.

1. Too Many Ads. When you're trying to make money from your website, it's all too easy to try to fit in more ads than you really should, or start using ad formats that are too intrusive. If you've put a new ad on your site, go to the site as if you were a visitor, and ask yourself honestly: is this just too much?

2. Plugin Overload. You've got to keep media that uses plugins to a strict maximum of one per page: that means that if you've got Flash, then you can't have a media player, or if you're using Java then you can't have Flash. It's not as bad to use the same plugin twice, however.

3. Flash Intros. Please, don't use a Flash intro on your website. You'd think everyone would realise they're a bad idea by now, but every web designer still gets clients who just don't seem to realise that Flash intros are universally mocked and hated. Don't be one of those people.

4. Unclear Layout and Navigation. Many websites, especially business sites, seem to suffer from some kind of disease where even the very simplest task takes ten steps to achieve. If people are emailing you to ask you how to do things on your site, then you need to improve your layout and navigation. Remember: if there are certain tasks people seem to want to do more often, put them on the front page.

5. No Marking for External Links. There are two kinds of links: internal (to other parts of your website) and external (to other websites). For the benefit of your visitors, though, it's best if you mark external links, either by making them a different colour or using some kind of a symbol (a box with an arrow is the usual one). It's also good to make the external links open in new windows, so people aren't leaving your site altogether when they click them.

6. Unclear Linking. You might think it looks better to only show links when people put their mouse over them, or not make their colour stand out too much from the rest of the text, but it's not – while it might make the design look nicer, it makes it far less usable. Use a clearly contrasting colour for links, and preferably underline them.

7. Unlabelled Email Links. It's a very bad idea to ever use a link that will send email (a mailto link) without clearly marking it with the word 'email'. If you just make clicking people's names send email, you'll annoy visitors who just clicked wanting to find out more about the person.

8. Broken Links. You've got to check all your links regularly to make sure that they all still work. There's nothing worse than finding a site that looks useful, only to find that it hasn't been updated in years and none of the links work any more. Yes, a website does mostly run itself after a while, but that doesn't mean that you should neglect the essential maintenance it needs from time to time.

9. Strange Fonts. Stick to the most common web fonts: that's pretty much just Arial, Georgia, Tahoma and Verdana. If you're using more obscure fonts, then most visitors probably won't have them – and the ones that do will find your text hard to read. The only time you should use non-standard fonts is in your logo or in headings, if they are displayed as an image.

10. Badly-sized Text. It's important to keep your text around the standard size (preferably just below). Making text too big or too small makes it hard to read and annoying for many visitors. The best thing you can do is use relative text sizing (not pixels) that allows the browser to respect the user's preferred text size. You might also consider offering buttons on your site to decrease or increase the size.

The Many Flavours of HTML

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the language of the web – every website out there is written in some kind of HTML. Because of the rapid evolution of the web, though, HTML grew quickly in a very unplanned way, which can lead to problems if you're not sure what kind or version of HTML you're using. Here's a quick history of HTML's flavours so far.

A Long, Long Time Ago...

The first version of HTML was created by the web's inventor, Tim Berners-Lee, and was loosely based on an existing standard called SGML (Standardised General Markup Language). This very first version didn't have an img tag, which meant that no graphics at all could appear on web pages. Berners-Lee informally extended the language, but didn't standardise it.

As the web grew, the lack of standardisation started to make it difficult for web browsers to interact – one web browser might have a new tag that others didn't support, meaning that people would see pages completely differently depending on which browser they used. In 1995, HTML was formalised as a standard named HTML 2, which was the version that the first mass-market web browsers were based on.

As they extended the standard further, an HTML 3 was introduced in 1997 to keep up-to-date. HTML 4 was introduced later that year as an effort to clean up the standard, making it clear that some tags should no longer be used. Apart from a few minor fixes in 1999, this is the version of HTML that is still in use today.

DHTML.

Parallel to this development, though, other languages were being developed that could be included in HTML documents: languages like Javascript (for interactive pages) and CSS (for styling). DHTML (Dynamic HTML) was the name given to the combination of HTML and these technologies. To put it simply, HTML is for web pages while DHTML is for 'web applications'. As people start to do more and more things on the web that they used to do with separate programs, DHTML techniques are becoming ever-more popular.

XHTML.

Sometimes considered 'next-generation HTML', XHTML is a stricter version of HTML that makes it follow XML standards. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a standard for HTML-like languages that is being used for more and more purposes, including configuration and sharing data.

Stripped of the technical talk, XHTML can basically be thought of as a stricter version of HTML. Where HTML is often messy and hard to test, XHTML is strictly standardised and can be run through automatic 'validators' that will point out any errors you've made. This improves cross-browser compatibility and makes web pages much easier to maintain, since it mostly forces information on the style of the page to be separated from the actual text of the page.

XHTML exists in a few different versions: there is a 'transitional' version, which lets you keep using some old practices from HTML4, and there is a 'strict' version, which is the one you need to use to get most of XHTML's benefits.

The web's standards body, the W3C, runs an HTML validator at validator.w3c.org.

What Does All This Mean to Me?

You might be wondering at this point why exactly you need to know about the different kinds of HTML. Well, as ever, the answer is that you need to choose one before you start developing your website. You have to be aware of which versions your tools support to know whether your tools can work together, and you should aim to pick the kind of HTML that will be most suitable for your site.

At the moment, XHTML is recommended for most websites, simply because it makes the whole process much easier, especially if you use an editor that saves to XHTML automatically. The only situation in which you should really keep using HTML4/DHTML is if you're designing a web application instead of a web page. If your site is, like 99% of the sites on the web, designed to give information more than it is designed to do anything else, then you should be using XHTML, preferably the strict version.

Wednesday, January 18, 2006

Web Designing & Publishing - Assignment 1

Look for commercial web pages that describe about product or services via Internet.
(a) Give the web site URL. (2 Marks)
(b) Print out the Homepage of the web site. (2 Marks)
(c) Give 3 comments to improve the homepage in terms of elment used in designing web pages. (6 Marks)

Cover Page items:
- Cosmopoint Logo
- Assignment #
- DMA 507
- Student Name
- Student I/C
- Class Code
- Subject Code
- Lecturer
- Submission Date

Due Date: Morning Session (Jan 26,2006)Thurday
Evening Session (Jan 27,2006)Friday

Thursday, January 05, 2006

Student Websites Listing (Sep - Dec, 2005)

Au Kay Hung

Jason Horman

Fazlinah Mohd. Lais

Masine Kajah

Natasha Vanessa Eddie

Norhayatie Bte Raibul

Ishak Nazri Bin Kangkawang

Hasfalinda Binti Abd Momen

Lim Vui Tung

Mohamad Edzuan Bin Salimi

Ahmad Termizi Hasrin

Sheikh Mohd Hafizul Mahfuz

Adrian Kennedy Anak Kumbang

Alvenesh Albert

Jasrin Bin Nasri

Jubinder Singh

Rosalind Binti Godfrey

Flora Nelly Majawat

Henry Chong Vui Kong

Corey Chien Kok Lick (Not Complete)

Teddy Adam

Rauf Ismail

Arthur Martin

Petty Lee Siew Foung

Nicholos Michael

Welcome to Web Designing and Publishing

Welcome and enjoy visiting and commenting on web sites created by DMA507 students of Cosmopoint College, Kota Kinabalu Campus.